The beginning of ERP

The initials ERP originated as an extension of MRP (material
requirements planning; later manufacturing resource planning) and CIM
(Computer Integrated Manufacturing). It was introduced by research and
analysis firm Gartner in 1990. ERP systems now attempt to cover all
basic functions of an enterprise, regardless of the organization's
business or charter. Non-manufacturing businesses, non-profit
organizations and governments now all use ERP systems.
To be considered an ERP system, a software package must provide the
function of at least two systems. For example, a software package that
provides both payroll and accounting functions could technically be
considered an ERP software package
Examples of modules in an ERP which formerly would have been stand-alone
applications include: Manufacturing, Supply Chain, Financials, Customer
Relationship Management (CRM), Human Resources, Warehouse Management and
Decision Support System.
Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_resource_planning