ERP terminology

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is an enterprise-wide information
system designed to coordinate all the resources, information, and
activities needed to complete business processes such as order
fulfillment or billing.
ERP system supports most of the business system that maintains in a
single database the data needed for a variety of business functions such
as Manufacturing, Supply Chain Management, Financials, Projects, Human
Resources and Customer Relationship Management.
An ERP system is based on a common database and a modular software
design. The common database can allow every department of a business to
store and retrieve information in real-time. The information should be
reliable, accessible, and easily shared. The modular software design
should mean a business can select the modules they need, mix and match
modules from different vendors, and add new modules of their own to
improve business performance.
Ideally, the data for the various business functions are integrated. In
practice the ERP system may comprise a set of discrete applications,
each maintaining a discrete data store within one physical database
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_resource_planning